文章来源: 转帖

理性的驾驭与拯救的幻灭：解读李普曼思想的价值与困局

单波   罗慧

内容提要:本文试图从理性主义角度重新审视李普曼思想的价值与困局。李普曼的政治理性的价值在于，不回避人的非理性，不屈从于各种常规、禁忌，而是遵从事实与真相，开放人的主体意识。而其根本性的理论盲点表现为：夸大公众理性能力的缺失，同时又忽视理性自身的内在局限，从而陷入由科学所引导的技术理性的幻觉。超越李普曼的可能性在于回到“完整的人”的理念上来，祛除单向地把人想象为理性的人或非理性的人的观念，而真正的“理性的驾驭”是从公众面对真相，面对事实，提供讨论公共利益的无限多样的可能性，相互尊重每个人的传播权利。

关键词：李普曼  理性主义  公众舆论  传播权利

        Rational Control and Disillusioned Salvation: Interpretation of the

    Values and Predicaments of Lippmann's Theory in Mass Communication

 Abstract: This essay tries to re-understand the value and predicament of Lippmann's theory in Mass Communication in the sight of rationalism. Rather than shunning the irrational appearances of human and following the conventions or veranda, the values of his theory are obeying the fact and truth and arousing people's consciousness of themselves as individuals. However, the underlying blind spots of his theory are also obvious. As exaggerating public's lack of ration and ignoring the inner limitations of rattan, Lippmann’s theory falls into the illusions which lead by science. Therefore, the only possibility of surpassing his theory requires of returning to the concept of "complete person and getting rid of simply dividing human being into rational and irrational. And the spiritual of “rational control" are presenting truths and facts to the public, providing various possibilities of discussing public interest and respecting everyone's right of communication.

  Key Words: Lippmann  rationalism  public opinion  right of communication

创新新闻学的概念辨析与理论溯源

石义彬   张卓

内容提要：“创新新闻学”这一个概念在2003年由物理学博士大卫·洛德福斯（David  Nordfors）提出，他曾就职于瑞典最大的IT杂志，2003年6月瑞典创新署（Swedish Government Agency for Innovation Systems VINNOVA）设立创新新闻基金，大卫·洛德福斯项目出任，创新新闻学，简言之，即“报到创新的新闻学”（journalism covering innovation）。其关注的焦点是新闻学如何在社会创新过程中发挥积极重要的作用，以及新闻学教育如何突出创新的原则。本论文将就创新新闻学的概念、主要观点、理论渊源以及研究现状作简要分析。

关键词：创新系统    创新新闻学   技术   市场

The Concept and Theoretical Sources of the Innovation Journalism

Abstract: The concept "Innovation Journalism" is suggested by Dr. David Nordfors, who worked for one of the biggest IT magazine in Sweden. In June 2003 Swedish Government Agency for Innovation Systems (VINNOVA) created a fund for innovation journalism, and David Nordfors was appointed the director of this project. In a word, innovation journalism is "journalism covering innovation". It focuses on how journalism plays an important role in the process of social innovation, and journalism education how to emphasize the innovation. This paper plans to analyse the concept, the main opinions, the theoretical sources and the research status quo of innovation journalism..

Key Words: innovation system  innovation journalism  technology  market

新闻：真实性或者客观性

——一种想象学路径的分析

张小元

内容提要：本文试图以想象学的思想方法重新认识新闻真实性这个传统命题，本文认为，认识论意义上的“新闻真实”不应该是新闻学探讨的问题，也不应该是新闻人和新闻媒体应该追求的目标。我们可以追求到和应该追求的、有意义的是“新闻客观性”。传统的“新闻真实”是把目光集中与“新闻事件”和“新闻报道”的关系上，所谓“新闻真实”就是说，两者具有某种关系上，所谓“新闻客观性”就是说两者具有“同一性”。“新闻客观性”就是“新闻人”保证自己不撒谎，但是并不保证“新闻事件”和“新闻报道”的关系上，具有“同一性”。

关键词：形象学   新闻真实性   新闻客观性

On the reality or the objectivity of news

Abstract: This paper tries to rerealize the traditional proposition--the reality thoughtway of Phenomenology. In this paper," the reality of news" on Epistemology should not become the problem which the Journalism discusses, and also not the aim which journalists and news media pursue. Contrarily, "the objectivity of news" should be the pursuit aim. And this is significant. "The reality of news" on the traditional sense, focuses on the relationship of "events' and "reports", which means that there is uncertain "identity' between the two sides. However, "the objectivity of news" on Phenomenology emphasizes the relationship between the "journalists" and "reports", which means that there is "identity" between them. What is called "the objectivity of news", is "journalists" guarantee not to lie, but not guarantee the "identity" between "events" and "reports"

Key Words: Phenomenology  the reality of news  and the objectivity of news

从本真生存到人神和谐

——海德格尔传播思想探析

姜  红

内容提要：本文从海德格尔早期基础存在论和晚期的诗性之思入手，探寻这位二十世纪存在主义大师独具一格的传播思想，分析了世俗化传播活动“闲谈”和技术化传播活动“订制信息”的非本真性，并提出“良知的呼唤”和“诗性传播”两种本真的传播方式。海德格尔传播思想当代意义在于，针对当前的技术时代，可以通过改造我们的传播符号来改变人类的生存方式。

关键词：订制信息   本真传播   良知的呼唤    诗性传播   非本真传播

Discovery of Heidegger's Communication Thought

Abstract: According to the fundamental ontology of pre-Heidegger and the thinking of poetry of post-Heidegger, this article aims to the unique communication thought of a existentialism master in the 20th century, Heidegger. He thinks the common communication," gossiping" as well as the technicalization communication, "ordering information" are all untruths. On the contrary, "calling of the conscience" as well as" communicating of the poetry" belong to the communications of truths. For the present, by means of altering communication symbols, human being can change our existences.

Key Words: calling of the conscience  communicating of the poetry  ordering information  the communication of truth  the communication of untruth

传媒的权力

——浅论若干西方著名学者关于“权力”的思考

刘娜

内容提要：本文通过对西方若干著名学者的关于“权力”观点的梳理，重新审视“权力”以及考察传媒的权力。在研究过程中，更多地对这些学者的学术背景进行关注，努力发现他们观点中的暗和和分歧。尤其对葛兰西的“文化领导权”展开分析，探讨传媒权力的根源。福柯的“话语权”理论为传媒权力的解析提供了辅证。以伯明翰学派为例从文化和社会的关系角度分子传媒权力的可靠性和持久力，从而进一步提出传媒的权力也反映着社会权力的构成。

关键词：传媒   权力  葛兰西  福柯   伯明翰学派

Media Power

——An Investigation of the" Media Power" in Several Western Scholar' s Theories

Abstract: This paper tries to investigate the "power" and the "media power" by looking through several western scholars' theories. The research emphases the academic background of these scholars and find out the similarities and differences among them. Especially based on Gramsci's "hegemony'' and Foucault's "discourse", the paper tries to trace the root of media power. Furthermore, the Birmingham School provides the research angles from the cultural and social view.

Key Words: Media  Power  Gramsci  Foucault  Birmingham School

关于中国古代新闻传播活动的几点看法

周光明

内容提要：本文首先评价了中国古代新闻传播活动的研究现状，提出了正视或重视相关研究的理由，然后，分三部分展开。第一部分指出，中国最早的官报在不早于唐代也不晚于唐开元年间出现，它的名称是“开元条报”，而不再延用“开元杂报”。第二部分指出，中国古代的新闻传播活动发展到宋代就形成了新闻传播事业，出现了“新闻的自觉”。第三部分对中国古代新闻传播活动的总体或最终水平作了一些评估，认为中国古代特殊的新闻传播环境使得既有的传播技术可以满足当时社会对新闻信息量的需求，结论是：若无外部力量的介入本土便不能产生近代媒体。本文结语部分对今后的中国古代新闻传播的研究走向提出了一些建议。

关键词：开元条报  “新闻的自觉“ 新闻信息需求量   帝国传播

Viewpoints of the Activities of Ancient China News Communication

Abstract: This paper evaluates the current conditions of Chinese ancient news communication and proposes the reasons of the relative research. There are three parts of this paper. In the first part, it says that the earliest official paper did not occur in Tang Dynasty, nor late than Kaiyuan period of Tang Dynasty, its name is "Kaiyuan Tiao Bao" instead of "Kaiyuan Za Bao". The second part analyses that news communication and "the consciousness of news" began at Song Dynasty. The third part is the comments on the Chinese ancient news communication. The final research result is that the recent media could not develop without the outer force.

Key words: Kaiyuan Tiao Bao  "The consciousness of news"  The need of news information Imperial Communication

1942年河南大灾荒中的《大公报》

李卓钧   李国平

内容提要：1942年河南大灾惨绝人寰，国民党当局不准报道。当时《大公报》本着媒体的责任和良知，突破新闻封锁，对这场灾难做出了真实客观的报道，对时弊进行了无畏的批评，并对受难同胞积极援助，在当时产生重大影响，但却因此遭到了国民党当局的惩罚。

关键词：大公报  1942年河南大灾荒  新闻封锁

《 Ta Kung Pao》in 1942' s Big Drought of Henan

Abstract: The Big drought of Henan in: 1942 was extremely tragic, but the KMT(Kuomintang) authority didn't report it at that time. With the responsibilities and consciences, the Ta Kung Pao broke down the information blockade, made the courageous and objective report, and carded out the outmoded fearless criticism to the authorities as well as the active assistance to the compatriots suffering distress. The Ta Kung Pao's deeds had a tremendous impact, while the KMT authority had been published.

Key Words: Ta Kung Pao  Famine of Henan in 1942  Information blockade

英美广播电视制度差异探源

刘建明

内容提要：本文探讨了英国和美国广播电视制度差异的根源。英美在政治、经济、文化等制度方面存在着诸多共性或相似之处，但在广播电视制度是却选择了截然不同的路径，英国选择了公众服务广播占主导的路径，而美国确立了商业体制为主导的制度。由于英美广播电视体制是西方其他国家的原形，所以研究其差异的根源具有学理上的典型意义。论文主要采用文献分析法，发现经济因素在两国广播电视制度形成过程中起到决定性作用。

关键词：英国   公共广播   美国   商业广播

The Original Difference between British Broadcasting

System and American One

Abstract: The thesis probes into the origins of the difference between British broadcasting system and American one. The two countries had had something in common in such fields as political, economical and cultural system, but they have chosen a very different development path in broadcasting system. The former has chosen public service broadcasting system, the latter has done commercial one. Because the two systems were followed by the other western countries, the writing is of typical significance in academic discussion. Mainly using the literature analysis, the thesis finds that economic factor played a decisive role in the process that the two countries' broadcasting systems formed.

Key Words: Britain  public service broadcast  America  commercial broadcast.

欲望的符号呈现、解读与产生

——论德勒兹、艾柯与《玫瑰之名》

吴予敏   杜妍

内容提要：本文考察了当代哲学家德勒兹和符号学家艾科的欲望理论和符号理论，分析二者的思想联系与差别，以及对于现代性反思的理论意义。通过分析艾柯根据其符号理论完成的创作实践成果——小说《玫瑰之名》文本和此后改编的同名电影文本，解释不同媒介形态中欲望符号的意义呈现、解读和产生。

关键词：德勒兹  艾柯  欲望理论  符号诠释  《玫瑰之名》

The Semiotic Presentation, Interpretation aha Production of Desires

——On Deleuze ,Eco and the Novel & Movie Name der Rose

Abstract: This paper explores the Theory of Desires and the Semiotic Theory of Gilles Deleuze and Umberto Eco to identify the academic coherences and the differences between the two theories so as to figure out their theoretical significance on modernity reflective thinking. Taking Eco's novel Name der Rose as the case, this study conducted a series of analysis on the text of the novel and later the text of the re-edited movie. The analysis attempts to decode symbolic presentation, interpretation and production of the symbols of desires in various medium.

Key Words: Gilles Deleuze  Umberto Eco  the Theory of Desires  Semiotic hermeneutics  Name der Rose

焦虑与反思：谁是新闻传播娱乐化、低俗化的操盘手

李岩   孙晓亚   殷畅  张川霞

内容提要：为什么新闻娱乐化，低俗化甚至导致虚假新闻产生的结果如此恶劣，媒体还是会依然如故呢？当批评、质疑的声音投向媒体，投向媒体从业者时，这些接受良好的新闻职业教育的从业者是什么态度？这些曾经以媒体工作为自豪的从业者，职业道德与社会良知何以会迅速低下？娱乐何以致死社会，也致死媒体从业者？文章基于对新闻传播娱乐化的认同与焦虑的调查，通过对新闻一线从业者关于对新闻传播娱乐化现象的认知、态度和原因分析回应上述问题，文章进一步谈论到底谁是新闻娱乐化、低俗化的操盘手。主要结论：新闻娱乐化、低俗化的操盘手不是一种力量组织，它包括媒介利用公共资源在市场上的获得利益的好处、职业道德约束的无力，媒介高层管理者唯广告效益的媒介目标、学者媚媒（介）的研究、理论概念的混淆、从业者既得利益的诱惑等。

关键词：新闻传播   娱乐化   低俗化  操盘手

Anxiety and Reflection: Who is the Manipulator of the Entertainment

Trend and Vulgarization of News Communication

 Abstract: News entertainment trend and vulgarization result in false reports. These phenomena tend to get worse and worse. Why do the news media still keep on doing so? When criticism and doubts are focusing on the media and media professionals , what is the attitude of the well-educated journalists who once took pride in journalism? What are the causes of their loss of professional morals and social conscience? Why does entertainment put society as well as media professionals in such an unfavorable and deadly situation? Based on the survey of media professionals' identity and anxiety of the entertainment trend of news communication, this thesis responds to the above-mentioned questions through the causal analysis of media professionals' cognition and attitudes to the entertainment trend of news communication. It also discusses who is the manipulator of news entertainment trend and vulgarization. Then it draws a conclusion that the manipulator of news entertainment trend and vulgarization is not made up of only one force. It consists of the benefits which the media gain through the use of public resources in the market, the uselessness of bounds of professional morals, the placement of priority to advertisement profits as media objective by media executives, research on scholars' flattering the media, the confusion of theoretic concepts and the temptation of profits for media professionals.

 Key Words: news communication  entertainment trend  vulgarization  manipulator

新闻传播中的“集体无意识“与神话再现

朱梓烨

内容提要：集体无意识是一种以记忆的意象所特有的形式——也就是附着于大脑的组织结构从原始时代流传下来的潜能。在无意识心理中，不仅有个人自童年起的经验，而且积存着许多原始的、祖先的经验，其最核心的部分便表现为神话。大众传播时代，神话以潜藏于由社会人组成的受众与媒介中的集体无意识为基石，在新闻报道中复现出神话的原型与隐喻，在媒介活动里再生出神话仪式的结构和意义，从而实现现实化再现。

关键词：集体无意识   神话再现  受众分析  媒介分析  原型  仪式

Collective Unconscious and Myth Resurgence in Mass Communication

Abstract: Collective Unconscious is a special form of memorial image--it is attached to the potential of brain tissue structure which is passed down from Primeval times. Unconscious psychology does not only consist of personal experience from childhood, but also much primeval and our ancestors' experience. People are not born a whiteboard, but a board with a congenital "racial memory", the core part of which is manifested as myths. Basing on Collective Unconscious that lurks in audience and media made up of social man, myth re-creates analysis and metaphor in press, revives structure and kerneled meaning of ceremony, thus achieves realistic Resurgence

Key words: Collective Unconscious  Myth Resurgence Ceremony Audience Analysis  Media Analysis  Archetype Ceremony

《人民日报》（1997—2006）镜像下的美国国家形象建构

罗以澄   叶晓华  付玲

内容提要：国家形象问题涉及国际社会对一国的整体认识和综合评价，是主权国家最为重要的无形资产；媒介报道对国际形象的建构起着举足轻重的作用。本文采用的内容分析方法对1997—2006年《人民日报》对美报道进行分析研究，试图厘清中国主流党报如何通过新闻报道塑造美国国家形象，其特点及制约因素为何。研究发现，1997-2006年《人民日报》对美国报道呈现报道数量多、报道领域广、报道具有一定深度、报道角度集中、消息来源单一等特点；与此同时，对美国国家形象的建构表现出两面性，在此基础上，本文运用媒介生态学理论进一步分析指出《人民日报》对美国形象的塑造受到媒介自系统和其他社会子系统不同因素及不同程度的影响。

关键词：国家形象   新闻报道   媒介生态

Viewpoints the United States in the Mirror of

《People’s Daily》（1997to2006）

 Abstract: State image involves an overall understanding and estimation of the international community upon a nation, as well as the most important intangible assets of any sovereign states. Media is a main constructor of the state image. This study examines and analyzes how China's respective elite newspapers portray the United States through a content analysis of People's Daily's coverage over a ten-year period, 1997 to 2006. It is found that People's Daily portrays the United States with a great number of news reports on a variety of topics, and most of them are with an in-depth analysis. The study also shows that People's Daily relies on fewer news sources when covering America affairs. Meanwhile, based on a media-ecological analysis on the findings, it is pinpointed that media self-system and other social subsidiary-systems on some degrees do have an impact in shaping media portrayals of United States.

Key Words: state image  news report  media ecology

突发事件让媒体发言

——从危机传播管理看突发事件应对法第57条的修改

陈力丹   吴璟薇

内容提要：在突发事件中，媒体扮演着政府与民众间信息流通渠道的重要角色。从“非典”时期留言引发恐慌，到厦门“PX”事件大游行，这些突发事件都深刻地反映出，政府应对机制的缺失、媒体的失语所造成的信息渠道不畅通给社会带来的巨大的损害。通过对厦门“PX”事件大游行进行反思，我们可以看到“突发事件应对法草案”第57条的修改，正视对多次突发事件中危机传播管理的经验总结。

关键词：突发事件   危机传播管理  厦门PX事件

Emergency Requires the Statement of Media

Abstract: Media, as the information channel between the government and public, plays an important role in the crisis. The ignorance of the government and the silence of media may result in loss of the society. For example, Rumor has reused scare in the society when SARS thread China; Rumor spreading by cellphone directly cause the parade against the air pollution. So, media should report the crisis to keep the communication between the government and public, that's why we should a-mend the draft law on emergency response, which forbide crisis reports without the permission by the government before.

Key Words: Crisis  Crisis Communication Management, Xiamen PX incident

政治逻辑与经济逻辑交织中的法制新闻

——1997—2006年中国新闻奖法制题材作品量化分析

夏琼   李洋

内容提要：本文主要采用量化研究的方法，通过对中国新闻奖1997—2006年以来法制新闻获奖作品的分析，解读十年来中国法制新闻的传播环境。本文首先对法制新闻的定义进行了探讨，并从广义和狭义两个方面对其内函进行了界定。研究发现，政治意志、市场逻辑和司法理念是构建法制新闻传播环境的共同因素。其中政治意志居于主导地位，市场逻辑悄然渗透，而现代司法理念则在传播过程中出现了缺位。

关键词：法制新闻   传播环境   中国新闻奖

     The Effects of the Political Will and Market Logic on Legal News

Abstract: In this paper, using quantitative research methods, by the China News Awards 1997—2006 since winning entries legal news analysis, interpretation decades China's legal system the dissemination of information environment. First of all, the definition of news on the legal system was discussed, and from the two aspects of the broad and narrow a definition of its connotation. Research sound that the political will, the logic of the market and the judicial philosophy is the common factors for Construction of the legal system media environment. Political will to take the leading position, the logic of the market quietly infiltration, and in modem judicial philosophy has emerged in the communication process Absence.

Ke